Centro Relojero Pedro Izquierdo

Los cronógrafos de bombardeo de los años 20

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Ya son 200 post, y para celebrarlo, uno cargado de contenido....

INTRODUCCION:

Estas piezas fueron utilizadas principalmente en aviones de varios tripulantes,en combinación con visores de bombardeo. Manofacturados principalmente en Suiza, fueron utilizados por fuerzas aéreas de varios paises....Italia, Francia, Gran Bretaña...

LOS CRONOGRAFOS DE BOMBARDEO O DE CUENTA ATRAS:

Los aviones se usaron para lanzar bombas por primera vez antes incluso de la Primera Guerra Mundial. En las guerras coloniales anteriores, a alguien ya se le ocurrió lanzar granadas y otros explosivos sobre los indígenas, aunque el bombardeo como tal, aparece en la Gran Guerra:

bombardeoxw8.jpg


Estas experiencias demuestran que la certeza de alcanzar un blanco desde diferentes altitudes y a distintas velocidades no se deben dejar al instinto del tripulante. Se desarrollan pues instrumentos ópticos y cronógrafos para usarlos conjuntamente, instalados en los aviones o en forma de reloj de pulsera.

La característica más importante de estas piezas es que cambiaban de dirección después de una segunda pulsación del botón activador ( Función de "cuenta atrás" ). El bisel rotativo cuenta con un marcador triangular luminoso. La aguja segundera inicia una cuenta de segundos en la dirección de las agujas del reloj al apretar el botón activador una vez. Para iniciar la cuenta atrás, se presiona dos veces, con lo que la aguja va en la dirección contraria a las agujas del reloj y se puede aplicar la escala de distancias. El otro pulsador presente en la mayoría de los relojes, es para puesta a cero.

Fabricados por muchas de las grandes marcas, de Izda a Dcha y de Arriba a Abajo, Minerva, Universal, Leónidas, Breitling y Zenith....

bomb1br4.jpg


Vamos a verlos más en detalle ( Extractos del libro "Military Timepieces" de Konrad Knirim, Ed. POMP ):

bomb2xu7.jpg
bomb3he5.jpg

bomb4cg5.jpg
bomb5ey2.jpg

bomb6do4.jpg

bomb7eo6.jpg

bomb8lt6.jpg

bomb1fb6.jpg


LOS BOMBARDEROS DE ENTREGUERRAS:

Finalizada la Primera Guerra Mundial, el arma aérea, después de su drástica reducción, no destacó por la genialidad ni por el avance en soluciones técnicas.

La típica mentalidad militar de la época, apoyada por la creencia en una paz duradera, hacía no arriesgar nada en proyectos avanzados. La tendencia era conservar las antiguas estructuras, sólo potenciadas por el espectacular desarrollo de los motores.

Cuando la aviación civil demostraba la eficacia de alguna innovación técnica, ésta se aplicaba a la aviación militar. No obstante, algunos militares veían claramente las posibilidades del avión como una formidable arma, como el general norteamericano Billy Mitchell, que demostró la eficacia del bombardeo aéreo sobre los navíos blindados. Como resultado fue vetado por la marina de su país.

Varios fueron los diseños de entreguerras, algunos incluso llegaron a combatir en la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Los más interesantes se resumen aquí....( Tablas de la Electronic Encyclopaedia of Civil Defense and Emergency Management y los preciosos perfiles de wings palette....)

Table 71-1. France:

<TABLE cellSpacing=3 cellPadding=3 width="100%" border=3><TBODY><TR><TD align=middle width="14%">MODEL</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">DATES</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">RANGE</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">SPEED</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">CEILING</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">BOMB LOAD</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">CREW</TD><TD align=middle width="7%">DEFENSIVE</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Bleriot 127/2M.4</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1929-1934</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">932 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">124 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">24,440 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,205 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">4</TD><TD width="13%">6 - 0.303 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Amiot 143M.4</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1934-1940</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1240 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">193 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">25,900 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">3,527 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">6</TD><TD width="13%">6 - 7.5mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Bloch MB.200</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1934-1939</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">620 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">176 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">26,240 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,646 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">4</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 7.5 mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Farman F.222</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1933-1940</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1,240 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">199 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">26,240 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">9,259 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 7.5mm machine guns</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

Los aviones:

Bleriot 127/2M.4

bleriot127di0.jpg


Amiot 143M.4


amiot143jz6.jpg



Bloch MB.200

blochmb200sj2.jpg


Farman F.222

farman222ns4.jpg


Table 71-2. Germany Third Reich

<TABLE cellSpacing=3 cellPadding=3 width="100%" border=3><TBODY><TR><TD align=middle width="14%">MODEL</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">DATES</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">RANGE</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">SPEED</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">CEILING</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">BOMB LOAD</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">CREW</TD><TD align=middle width="7%">DEFENSIVE</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Dornier DO-17</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1937-</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">radius 311 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">221 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">16,700 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">1,653 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">4</TD><TD width="13%">4 - 7.92mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Heinkel He-111</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1936-1945</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1,199 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">252 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">27,800 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5,511 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">7 - 7.92mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Junkers Ju-52/3m*</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1931-1939</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">811 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">178 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">19,300 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%"></TD><TD align=middle width="13%"></TD><TD width="13%">4 - 7.92mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Junkers Ju 86</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1936-1939</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">708 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">202 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">19,300 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2.205 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">4</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 7.92mm machine guns</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>


Los aviones:

Dornier DO-17

do17mq9.jpg


Heinkel He-111

he111gx5.jpg


Junkers Ju-52/3m*

ju52cv6.jpg


Junkers Ju 86

ju86st9.jpg


* Notes: A number of bomber aircraft in a variety of countries were designed or employed as dual purpose bombers and transport aircraft.

Table 71-3. Italy

<TABLE cellSpacing=3 cellPadding=3 width="100%" border=3><TBODY><TR><TD align=middle width="14%">MODEL</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">DATES</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">RANGE</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">SPEED</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">CEILING</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">BOMB LOAD</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">CREW</TD><TD align=middle width="7%">DEFENSIVE</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">CANT Z.1007 Alcione</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1937-1944</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1,080 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">290 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">26,900 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,646 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">2 - 12.7mm and 2 - 7.7mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Caproni Ca 101*</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1928-1943</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1,240 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">103 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">20,000 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">1,102 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">3</TD><TD width="13%">5 - 7.7mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Caproni Ca 133*</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">-1940</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">830 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">165 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">18,000 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,646 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">3</TD><TD width="13%">4 - 7.7mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 Sparviero</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1936-1945</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1,180 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">267 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">21,300 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,756 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 12.7mm and 2 - 7.7mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 Pipistrello*</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1935-1941</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1,240 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">211 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">22,900 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">4,409 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">6</TD><TD width="13%">5 - 7.7mm machine guns</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

Los aviones:


CANT Z.1007 Alcione

cantzef8.jpg


Caproni Ca 101*

ca101tw9.jpg


Caproni Ca 133*

ca133eu2.jpg


Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 Sparviero

sm79oa0.jpg


Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 Pipistrello*

sm81dr3.jpg


* Notes: A number of bomber aircraft in a variety of countries were designed or employed as dual purpose bombers and transport aircraft.

Table 71-4. Japan

<TABLE cellSpacing=3 cellPadding=3 width="100%" border=3><TBODY><TR><TD align=middle width="14%">MODEL*</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">DATES</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">RANGE</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">SPEED</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">CEILING</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">BOMB LOAD</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">CREW</TD><TD align=middle width="7%">DEFENSIVE</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Mitsubishi G3M (Nell)</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1937-</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">2,700 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">232 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">29,900 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">1,764 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">7</TD><TD width="13%">1 - 20mm cannon, 4 - 7.7mm machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Mitsubishi Ki-21 (Sally)</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1938-1945</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1,670 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">302 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">32,800 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,205 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">7</TD><TD width="13%">1 - 12.7 mm and 5 - 7.7mm machine guns</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

Los aviones:

Mitsubishi G3M (Nell)

g3mxz5.jpg


Mitsubishi Ki-21 (Sally)

ki21hk0.jpg


* Notes: The names in parentheses are recognition names assigned to the aircraft by United States forces during World War II.

Table 71-5. Poland

<TABLE cellSpacing=3 cellPadding=3 width="100%" border=3><TBODY><TR><TD align=middle width="14%">MODEL</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">DATES</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">RANGE</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">SPEED</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">CEILING</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">BOMB LOAD</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">CREW</TD><TD align=middle width="7%">DEFENSIVE</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">PZL P.37 Los</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1937-1939</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">930 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">277 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">30,350 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5,688 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">4</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 7.7mm machine guns</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

El avión:

PZL P.37 Los

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Baneado
Table 71-6. United Kingdom

<TABLE cellSpacing=3 cellPadding=3 width="100%" border=3><TBODY><TR><TD align=middle width="14%">MODEL</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">DATES</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">RANGE</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">SPEED</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">CEILING</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">BOMB LOAD</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">CREW</TD><TD align=middle width="7%">DEFENSIVE</TD></TR><TR><TD width="14%">De Havilland D.H.10 Amiens MK IIIA</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1918-1923</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">5.75 hours</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">129 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">17,500 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">900 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">4</TD><TD width="7%">4 - 0.303 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="14%">Vickers Vimy FB.27A Mk. II</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1918-1929</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">932 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">103 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">7,000 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">2,476 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">3</TD><TD width="7%">2 - 0.303 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="14%">Boulton Paul P.75 Overstrand</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1936-1938</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">545 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">153 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">22,500 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">1,500 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">5</TD><TD width="7%">3 - 0.303 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="14%">Handley Page H.P.50 Heyford</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1935-1939</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">920 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">154 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">21,000 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">3,500 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">4</TD><TD width="7%">3 - 0.303 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="14%">Handley Page H.P.54 Harrow*</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1937-1939</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1,250 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">163 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">22,800 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">3,000 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">5</TD><TD width="7%">4 - 0.303 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="14%">Armstrong Whitworth A.W.38 Whitley</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1937-1942</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1,500 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">210 miles per hour </TD><TD align=middle width="14%">26,000 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">7,000 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">5</TD><TD width="7%">5 - 0.303 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="14%">Vickers 271 Wellington Mark III</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1938-1944</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1,540 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">235 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">19,000 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">4,500 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">6</TD><TD width="7%">8 - 0.303 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="14%">Bristol Type 130 Bombay*</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">1939-1943</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">2,230 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">160 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">25,000 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">2,000 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">3</TD><TD width="7%">2 - 0.303 machine guns</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

Los aviones:

De Havilland D.H.10 Amiens MK IIIA

800pxaircodh10exccar2.jpg


Vickers Vimy FB.27A Mk. II

vimiqv6.jpg


Boulton Paul P.75 Overstrand

91nt6.jpg


Handley Page H.P.50 Heyford

92sd2.jpg


Handley Page H.P.54 Harrow*

img99cm8.gif


Armstrong Whitworth A.W.38 Whitley

91ue6.jpg



Bristol Type 130 Bombay*

bristolbombayxc4.jpg


Vickers 271 Wellington Mark III

94ao9.jpg


* Notes: A number of bomber aircraft in a variety of countries were designed or employed as dual purpose bombers and transport aircraft.

Table 71-7. United States

<TABLE cellSpacing=3 cellPadding=3 width="100%" border=3><TBODY><TR><TD align=middle width="14%">MODEL</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">DATES</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">RANGE</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">SPEED</TD><TD align=middle width="14%">CEILING</TD><TD align=middle width="15%">BOMB LOAD</TD><TD align=middle width="8%">CREW</TD><TD align=middle width="7%">DEFENSIVE</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Martin MB-1</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1918</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">390 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">92 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">10,300 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">1,040 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">3</TD><TD width="13%">5 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Martin MB-2 </TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1920</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">400 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">91 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">7,700 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,000 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">3</TD><TD width="13%">5 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Martin NBS-1</TD><TD align=middle width="12%"></TD><TD align=middle width="12%">450 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">91 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">8,500 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,000 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">4</TD><TD width="13%">5 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Keystone LB-5</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1927</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">435 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">107 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">8,000 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,312 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">5 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Keystone LB-6 and LB-7</TD><TD align=middle width="12%"></TD><TD align=middle width="12%">632 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">95 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">11,650 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,000 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">5 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Keystone LB-10A redesignated B-3A</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1930-1940</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">850 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">114 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">12,700 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,500 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">5 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Curtis B-2</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1929</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">780 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">114 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">16,140 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,508 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">6 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Keystone B-4A</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1932-1934</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">850 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">103 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">14,000 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,500 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Curtis-Wright BT-32 Condor II* </TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1933</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">840 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">176 miles per hour maximum</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">22,000 feet </TD><TD align=middle width="13%">1,680 bombs</TD><TD align=middle width="13%"></TD><TD width="13%">5 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Keystone B-5A</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">-1940</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">815 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">98 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">10,600 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,500 pounds </TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Keystone B-6A</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">-1940</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">350 miles with full bomb load</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">103 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">14,100 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,500 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Boeing Y1B-9A</TD><TD align=middle width="12%"></TD><TD align=middle width="12%">540 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">165 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">20,750</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,200 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">4</TD><TD width="13%">2 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Martin B-10B</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1934-1941</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1,240 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">193 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">24.200 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">2,260 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">5</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR><TR><TD width="12%">Douglas B-18 Bolo</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1937-1941</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">1,200 miles</TD><TD align=middle width="12%">167 miles per hour</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">23,900 feet</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">6,500 pounds</TD><TD align=middle width="13%">6</TD><TD width="13%">3 - 0.30 machine guns</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

Martin MB y NDS

31za3.jpg


Keystone LB

800pxkeystonexlb12mw5.jpg


Curtis B-2

b2condorinflightdr8.jpg


Curtis-Wright BT-32 Condor II*

101vr2.jpg


Boeing Y1B-9A

800pxboeingy1b9testfligio6.jpg


Martin B-10B

b10gl8.jpg


Douglas B-18 Bolo

800px00910460121fh4.jpg


* Notes: A number of bomber aircraft in a variety of countries were designed or employed as dual purpose bombers and transport aircraft.

Como véis, curiosos y añejos diseños....Seguro que a más de uno esto...
bomb1br4ec9.jpg
....le ha recordado un cronógrafo actual, adorado y odiado a partes iguales....

EL GRAHAM CHRONOFIGHTER:


Un homenaje a estos "chronographo a ritorno", o por lo menos a su conjunto de corona y pulsadores, es sin duda el Graham Chronofighter.

Si buscamos un reloj que tenga ediciones dedicadas a la Segunda Guerra Mundial, pocos tienen tantas como el Graham....

Su saga Chronofighter Overlord rinde homenaje a la aviación táctica británica en Normandía...

42587287yh5.jpg
tiff002jpg70b5e02acb904aj8.jpg


gr0323pchronofighterdiahp4.jpg
tiff004jpgb2b9269bf14c4bx2.jpg


.....y uno de mis favoritos, el que conmemora la portada de los periódicos británicos de aquel 8 de Mayo de 1945....

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.....en los que se anunciaba el fín de la guerra con la victoria aliada.

Incluso tienen uno dedicado al ataque de Pearl Harbour.....

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( Fijaros en el grabado de la esfera, coincide al milímetro con el mapa de la disposición de a flota americana la mañana de 7 de Diciembre de 1941 ).

La saga Chronofighter se subdivide en

Chronofighter R.A.C.

43 mm de diámetro, calibre derivado del Valjoux 7750, las series limitadas con rueda de pilares. Unos ejemplos de acabados....

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Chronofighter Oversize:

46 mm, resistentes al agua 100 metros....

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Chronofighter Oversize Commander:

Titanio y fibra de carbono...Por lo demás, como el Oversize...


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Chronofighter Oversize Diver:


Sumergible 300 metros...


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Chronofighter Oversize Big Date GMT:


Pues eso, cronógrafo gran fecha con segundo huso horario...


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Para saber más de Graham: http://www.graham-london.com/en/index.html

Por fín acabado el post, gracias por mirar, espero os guste.

Saludos<!-- / message --><!-- sig --><!-- / message --><!-- sig -->
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